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(No Model.)

0. D. SIGSBEB. Hinge. No. 244,736.

' Patented May 17, 11881.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

. CHARLES D. SIGSBEE, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

HINGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 241,736, dated May 17, 1881.

Application filed March 31,1881. No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

.Be it known that I, CHARLES D. Sresnnaa citizen of ,theiUnited States, residing at the city of Washington, county of Washington, Districtof Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hinges; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification. i

My invention relates to the pintles or pivots of hinges, and has for its object to extend the utility of such pintles or pivots by adapting them to serve also for fastening or applying the hinge to the material or structure to be hinged. Since the forces acting upon a hinge to. break it or to strip itfrom its fastenin gs are applied at the pintle or pivot, the most effective point at which to apply the resistance to breaking or stripping is also at the pintle or pivot, and as a simple and inexpensive means of effecting this desired result, it has occurred to me to adapt the pivot or pintle itself to the purpose in view.

My invention is especially valuable for use on trunks. The thrust brought to bear upon a trunk-hinge in the act of raising the lid seems to have a greater effect in strippingthe hinge from the body of the trunk than from the lid, from which it appears that the application of my invention to the body of a trunk provides a safeguard against the stripping of a trunk-hinge. Hinges are also frequently broken in the fixed leaf of those fastenings which are nearest the pivot-an occurrence that would be obviated by the use of my invention.

My invention is also useful on chests, gates, heavy blinds, batten-doors, &c., and in general where the two parts of the structure to be hinged are of unequal hardness, thickness, or tenacity, and when the leaves of a hinge are subjected to unequal strains.

In order that those skilled may know how to make and use my improvement in hinges, I will proceed to describe the same more in detail, reference being had to the accompany ing drawings, in which the same letter indicates similar parts throughout the series.

In the various drawings the fastenings usually employed for attaching the hinge are omitted, simply for clearness of illustration, and only such fastenings as pertain to my invention or improvement are shown.

Figure 1 is an elevation of the back of ahinge,

the leaves A and B beingin the same plane. Herein my invention consists in prolonging the pivot or pintle 0 beyond its pivotal bearings, bending it to form a staple, and tapering the end portions. The pivot or pintle is capable of a rotary movement .on the axis of its bearing portion.

Fig. 2 is a side view of Fig. 1, applied to a trunk, the trunk being shown in vertical crosssection through one of the end portionsof the staple O. In attaching the hinge the ends of the staple are passed through the side of the trunk and are clinched on the inside of the trunk, as shown at a, both ends of the staple or pintle being treated alike, although but one end portion is shown in the figure. D is the body of the trunk; E, the lid; and F is the wrought-iron longitudinal strap or band generally applied to trunks, and to which the upper leaf of the hinge is usually attached.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross-section through the body of a trunk in the plane ofthe staple ends as attached to thetrunk, showing methods of treating the ends of the staple different from that of Fig. 2. The ends of the staple, being taken through washers G and H inside the trunk, are then riveted. In lieu of separate washers, a perforated plate, G I H, may be used for the same purpose; or the ends of the staple may be provided with screw-threads, and the staple may be set up by screw -nuts with or without the washers or perforated plate. i

Fig. 4 is a modification of Fig. l, the pivot, pintle, or staple being further bent, as at b b and c c, to inclose two adjacent sides of a board, plank, or structure, X, while one of the hinge-leaves occupies a corresponding third side. The ends of the pintle are formed into eyes or loops e c, for. the reception of screws, nails, or rivets. The axial portion of the pintle is at the joint-edges of the structure tobe hinged. If desired, the eyes or loops may be omitted, and staples driven into the structure may be made to inclose and bind the pintle ends; or, in lieu of these staples, nails driven into the structure from the reverse side may be clinched around the pintle ends. The modification shown in this figure is adapted to use on trunks, chests, boxes, batten-doors, 850.

Fig. 5 isa perspective view of another modification of Fig. 1. The pintle being formed or flexion to right angles.

into a staple and. tapered, as at Fig. 1, has each leg further bent,'as at ff, to adapt the pintle to enter a board or structure in a different plane from those to which Fig. 1 is adapted. The drawings show the axial part of the pintle placed at the joint of the two portions of the structure to be hinged. That portion 9 g of each leg of the pintle included between the bends or flexions is preferably at right angles to that portion which enters the structure; but neither in this nor in any other figure or modification do I limitthe angles of bending In the modification shown in this figure no clinching or other change of form of the pintle (in order to attach the hinge)is necessary after manufacture. This modification is adapted to use on heavy blinds, doors, and gates.

Fig. 6 is a perspective View, showing a method of applying Fig. 1 for use when the axial portion of the pintle is located at the joint of the two pieces of material to be hinged. The ends of the staple or pintle are driven or otherwise inserted into the structure at an acute angle with that face of the structure to which the corresponding leaf of the hinge is attached. Preferably this angle should be forty-five degrees. Should the ends of the staple project through the structure they may be clinched. This method of application is well suitedto heavyblinds and doors, and especially to gates.

Fig. 7 is a rear elevation of a modification of my invention as applied to a trunk. The pintle, being prolonged beyond its pivotal bearings, has its end portionsformed into eyes or loops h h, for the reception of screws, nails,

or rivets, whereby the hinge may be secured to a trunk in a manner to effect the purpose of my improvement-4. 6., to adapt the pivot or pintle to resist strains that may be brought to bear to stripthe hinge from the structure or the material to which it is attached. This modification is adapted to use on trunks, boxes, chests, &c.

Fig. Sis a perspective view of a modification of my invention, in which the ends 1' i of the pintle. are prolonged beyond the bearing or pivotal portion, and in lieu of being bent, as in Fig. 1, to form a staple, or of being .provided with eyes or loops by bending, as in Fi g. 7, are respectively inserted within bolts, nails, or gudgeons It, provided with nut-eyes ll, and the spindles of which bolts, nails, or gudgeons are set up or secured to the structure, as described for the staple ends of Figs. 1, 2, and 3. In the middle or intermediate portion of the joint formed by the hinge-leaves a space, m, maybe left, and the middle or intermediate portion of the pivot, as thus uncovered, and which is shown by the dotted lines, may be similarly secured with a bolt, nail, or gudgeon or the end fastenings, k, of the pintle may be omitted and only this middle or intermediate fastening used on the pintle or pivot. This 11 is a side elevation.

form may be adapted to trunks, boxe s,'chests, &c.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a modification of my invention, in which the middle or structure to be hinged by means of a nail,

screw, rivet, or other fastening. This loop may consist of a simple extension and eye, as

in Fig. 9, or it may occupy more than one side of the structure, as shown in the end portions of the pintles in Figs. 4 and 5 also, the ends of the pintles may be extended beyond the sides of the hinge, and by bending or otherwise forming said ends the middleor interme diate loop modification may be combined with any of the other modifications shown in my series of drawings.

Fig. 10 is a rear elevation of a duplex hinge, showing how my invention may be adapted to more than one leaf of a hinge. The leaves A and B of the hinge are each looped around a separate pintle, and the leaves are then joined or connected by a link or loop, N, of which Fig. It is evident that any of the modifications of my invention already leaves may occupy the same pintle.

I have thus described various modifications of my invention in order to show, in some IOO measure, the scope of my invention, and to separate its broad principle from mere details of construction.

I am aware that hinges have been secured to a structure by the pintle or pivot when the latter operates as one leg of the hinge and stands in lieu of one leaf; but such forms do not effect the purpose of my invention, which is to add to the security of an attached leaf or leaves by attaching the pivot or pintle itself to the structure in sucha manner that the strength of the pivot is utilized. 7

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1 1. A double-leaf hinge provided with a pintle having its ends orcentral portion extended longitudinallyor radiallyin a plane coincident with theaxis of motion of the hinge, and adapted to be secured, as shown, to'form anaux iliary attachment at such point, substantial] 'rzo as hereinbefore set forth.

2. In combination with the two leaves of a hinge, a pintle made of a single wire, bent to form a staple and adapted to be secured as hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses: C. D. SIGSBEE. [11. s.]

THos. T. THURLOW, J OHN S. STODDER. 

